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UNITED STATES PATENT (Ernten.

ISAAC D. SMEAD, OF TOLEDO', OHIO.

VAU LT-H E ATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part 'of 'Letters I Patent No. 426,551, datedApril 29, 1890.

vApplication nea July 12.51889.

lnace located at the opposite end ormonth of To ctZ -l zoll/m, lit771,0@concern.- Be itknown that I, ISAAC D. SMEAD, of To lede, 1n thecounty ot Lucas andState of Ohio, have invented certain new'and use IulImprovements in VanltHeat ers, of which' lie ,.,4

following is aspeciiication.

My present invention relates to heaters for use in eonnectionwith thedesiccating or dry closets for which various patents have hereto'- fore.been granted to me', land the invention consists 'in the constructionof the heater by which it is specially adapted for use in conneetion`with the vaults of said closets, as hereinafter more fully described;

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through one of the dryclosets with my heater shown in position ready for use. Fig.' 2 is-anenlarged centralvertical seetionottheheater fon the line :c Jr of Fig.3, and Fig. 3 is afi-ont view of the heater in position.

The object of my present invention is to produce .a cheap,siinple, andeffective heater that can be readily adapted to and used in connectionwith these desiccating or dryclosets, and fwhich, when applied as shown,will greatly increase the desiccating operation of the closet, and alsoincrease the draft of air through the-vault, and consequently a morethorough ventilation of the rooms from which the air is drawn tothevault and 'insure a positive draft or current of the air in thedirection desired,rand prevent any tendency to a reversal of thecurrent.

In order to a complete understanding ot' the Inode of operation of theinvention, reference is made to Fig. 1,'in which D and D repre-A sentthe vault of a dry closet made. on my plan, there being a" transversepartition or fioor C extending the whole length of the vault, thusdividing it into anupper duct D and a lower duct D', as more fullydescribed injmy patent, N 0,363,971, to which reference is hereby madefor particulars. As shown by the arrows in Fig. l, the air is drawn fromthe rooms above down into an, airfgathering room A, from whence itpasses through the vault into a vent tine or shaft E, which extendsabove the roof ofthe building.

Heretofore it has been customary' to locate a small heater in the bottomof the Ventshaft .E to create a draft, and in my patent, No. 337,263, Ishowed such a heater or sm'all fur? sean No. 317,294. N6 man.)

the vault, with its smoke-pipe 'connected with the-lower duct D', andthat at its opposite end connectedivith a smoke-flue separate anddistinct from vthe vent-shaft E. I now construct `my heater for theseclosets, as shown more clearly in Figs. l and 2, it being made inthe-forni of an open grate. The

'back' I-I with about. one-half of thebottoin and the ends are madesolid, and preferably east in a single piece. The front. part G eonsistsof a plate cast in the forni of the ordinary gratc-bars\\-'hicl'1 extenddown the front and about half-way backward across the' bottoin, as shownin Figs. l and 3. It has a top plate F, which extends from end toendacross Athe. top, and which is provided with a proiectionror flange o teiit against the partition C, whieh'is usually made ofl brick-work,

supported on metal bars. extends' up towithiu a few inches of the topplate F and is curved backward' at its upper edge, thereby iorininganai-row, throat T, which entendsentirely across the top, as shown inFigs. and 3, the object being to cause the smoke and heat to pass fromthe grat-e in a sheet as wide as the vault, or practically so, thusspreading it out laterally the full width ot the partition, so as toheat and dry all parts of it as uniforinlyas possible.

The grate-body as a whole is made with its downward, the object beingwhen it isset in The back plate llposition to leave' a narrow spacebetween its ends and the side Walls for the entrance of air into theduet DT, said spaces being indicated by the letters J J Ain Fig. 3.

. lfVit-h the heater of the kind shown in my patent, No. 387,263, it hadnecessarily to be set some little distance from the mouth of fthe ductD', and the heat arisingtherefrom had a tendency to rarefy -the air inthe gathering-room, thereby tending 'to reverse the current, and hence,it was necessary to set it within the vault proper, as there shown, and

that rendered it impossible to utilize the full .extent of the closet,making, as shown in said patent, the number of seats at least one less.In order to overeome'this ditlicnlty, I provide the grate or heater'inthis instance with a hood I, constructed as shown in Fig-2, to preventthe radiation of theheat into the air rooin or inlet A. It consists of aframe provided with an inner wall a and an outerwall a of sheet metal,these walls being separat-ed by an open space severa-l inchesin depth orthickness, this space being closedat its ends,

. but open at front and rear, thereby 'forming a channel through `whichthe air can pass freely, as indicated by the arrows'in As there shown,the outer wall a of this hood is considerably shorter than the inner oneat its lower end, thereby leaving an opening for the free entrance ofthe air, even when the blower or hood is entirely closed. This hood thusconstructed 's hinged tothe top plate F, so it can be 1L ised or loweredat will to regulate the '(lratt, put on fuel, dsc., as indicated in Fig,2, and itis provided with means for adjusting and holding it at anydesired position, as shown in Fig. 3, in which a notched bar c is shownpivoted to one end and ar ranged to engage with a pin e, set in the sidewall. Its ordinary position, when the heater is in use, is with itslower edge raised about an inc h from the li'oor to admit sufficient airto keep the lire burning. It will readily be seen that the current ofair passing through this hood will absorb and carry along with it theheat radiated from its inner wall a, thus keeping its outer wall acomparatively cool,-

and that by this means the radiation ot heat from the heater backwardinto the air-.room A is eitectually prevented. Another advantage ot thisarrangement is that the heated air 1' assing through the hood isdelivered into the upper duct I), thus increasing the desiccatingoperation therein.

By the use ol this heater and locating itat. the mouth ot the vault, asshown, I avoid the lossot the use ot anyportiouot theeloset, and what istar more important, all the heat is delivered directly into the vault,the main portion of it being delivered into the lower duct D', where itheats the partition or floor C, upon which the deposits rest, and which,with any fluid inatterthere may be, are therefore much more rapidlydried up. 'lh'is heat in this way also secures a strong dratt throughthe vault, and also prevents any tendency to a reversal of the current.

In Iaient No. 387,263 l4 connected the duct.

1) with a smoke-flue distinct from the ventshatt E; but in this case Idispense with the 'separate smoke-flue and permit the smoke,

gases, dsc., to pass out the vent-liuc with the foul air from thebuilding, and this also increases to sonic extent the draft ot the tiu'eand the ventilation of the rooms from which the air is drawn.

I ain aware that a blower Ier a grate has Fig. 2.

been made with double walls and with dampers arranged to'conduct airdirect to the fire or through the spacetinto the chimney above the tireat will; also, that a furnace-door has been made with double walls toconvey air to the fire, and that a grate or open stove has been madewith a case at its sides, said case having holes for the ingress andegress of air to warni a rooln, and also that aprivy-box has beenpatented showing a grate attached for drying and burning the contentsoi' said box, and I do not claim either of these; but,

Having thus fully described my invention and the manner of using thesaine, what I claim isl l. A vault-heater fordry closets, consisting` ofthe oblong body Il, grate G, and top plate F, with the elongated throatT at the top ot the rear side and having the double-walled hood I atlits front, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In combination with the vault of a dry closet having two air-ducts,one above the other, a vault-heater, substantially such as described,said heater being so located as to deliver the heat generated thereindirectly into the lower duct, substantially 21s shown and described.

3. rlhe combination, in a dry closet, of a vault composed of twohorizontal ducts, one over the other, a heater, substantially such asdescribed, located ,in the mouth ot the lower duct, and a hoodinterposed between said heater and the foul-air roonx or inlet, thecombination and arrangement being substantially as herein shown anddescribed. l

ivl. In combination with the vault of a dry closet having two horizontalducts, one over the other, a heater arranged to .deliver its heat andsmoke into the lower duct, and a double-walledhood located in front ofsaid heater .and arranged to convey a current of air from the foul-airrooln or inlet into the upper duct, substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

5. The combination of a vault fora dry closet, adapted to have a currentof ail-passed through it from end to end, aheater located at, the end atwhich the air enters said vault, and a hood or screenarranged in frontof said heater orl between it and the inowing IOO

